Regenerative coke oven



lJune 4, 1940.

H. PETSCH REGENERATIVE COKE OVEN Filed Jan. 19, 1937 3 sheets-sheet `1Jn ven/of June 4, 1940. H PETSCH 2,293,285

REGENERATIVE COKE OVEN Filed Jan. 19, 1937 5 sh'eets-sheet 2 I l lfao/|- @ds bof 60.5'

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REGENERATIVE 'COKE OVEN Filed Jan. 19. 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 wwf , t, 7Poor Gans' Air' Was/e as, 4270/77@ Patented June 4, 1940 PATENT FFICE REGENERATIVE COKE OVEN Hermann Petsch, Recklinghausen in Westphalia,Germany Application January 19, 1937, Serial No. 121,365 In GermanyJanuary 20, 1936 4 Claims.

This invention relates to regenerative coke ovens. Such ovens areusually heated by passing the combustion constituents, gas and air,upwards into a group of the heating flues in each 5 heating wall andconducting the gaseous products of combustion downwards through afurther group of the flues. The direction of the heating gases issubsequently reversed so that after reversal the combustion constituentsnow pass l through the group of heating flues through which thecombustion products previously passed and vice versa. any time, arebeing heated i. e. receive the combustion constituents, are connectedwith a corresponding group of regen-erator chambers which, when rich gasis used, preheat the air for combustion, and which, when poor or leangas is used, preheat both the gas and the air.

In a similar manner the heating ilues through ,20 which the products ofcombustion flow are also connected with regenerator chambers. When anumber of individual regenerators are used and arranged under the ovensoles to extend transversely to the oven battery, they are all dividedA25 into halves by a wall, which runs across them. With tunnel-likeregenerators which extend in the direction of the length of the battery,i. e. transversely to the oven chambers, a similar dividing wall in themiddle part of the oven it- 30 self is usual. With these knownarrangements the vertical heating flues are usually connected with thecorresponding regenerator chambers either directly or with theinterposition of hori- Zonta] sole lues which extend under the cham- 35ber sole level. When the heating flues of the entire heating wall asWell as the associated regenerators are in each case subdividedlengthwise into halves which terminate in the middle of the wall, suchconnection between the regen- 40 erators and the heating i'lues givesrise to no diIiculties. If, however, the heating ilues are grouped sothat the wall is divided into more than two sections and reversal ofiiow takes place within each section, i. e. each of the two I`45 groupsof heating ues in which the direction of gas iiow is different is stillfurther sub-divided, then in the said regenerator arrangements it is theusual practice for each pair of sole iiues which are associated with thetwo groups of 50 heating lues and which extend over the entire length ofthe heating wall, to be arranged horizontally and one over the other;then one sole flue of a pair conducts a combustion medium, gas or air,which rises into the heating flues, where- 55 as the other soleiluelocated either above or Those heating flues which, aty

below the former flue conducts the waste gases to the regenerators. Itis, however, a disadvantage that of the pair of sole lues disposed oneover the other and which are necessarily separated only by a relativelyslight partition, in 5 every case one iiue contains ascending gases andthe second flue descending gases. Owing to the differences in pressurebetween the ascending and the descending gases leakage through thepartition may easily occur, and it is then impossible to prevent themedium in one sole flue from passing to the adjacent sole flue. l

It is the main object of the present invention to construct aregenerative coke oven of the kind mentioned, i. e. with periodicreversal of draught in the heating wall, in such a manner that the abovedescribed disadvantage is absent. To this end in a coke oven accordingto the invention a pair of sole flues which are disposed one above theother and which extend over substantially the whole length of theheating wall are arranged in combination with regenerators, whichpreferably extend transversely tothe length of the oven battery andwhich are separated by a wall located at the middle part of the ovenchambers land running parallel with the length of the battery.

In such an arrangement the invention consists in connecting theregenerators with the heating flues in a heating wall in such a mannerthat both sole ilues connect the same group of heating flues with theassociated regenerators so that the two flues at any time either bothconduct media for combustion only, or the products Ofcombustion only,according to the direction of gas ow along the heating wall.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from thefollowing description of an example of a coke oven constructed ac'-cording to the invention, and from the accom- 40 panying drawings inwhich is shown a horizontal compound coke overl having vertical heatingilues arranged together in pairs and sometimes described as twinflues,and also having regenerators which are arranged beneath the chamber solelevel and which extend transverse- .ly to the longitudinal direction ofthe battery.

In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectionwhich in the upper half of the ligure passes through the whole of theheating wall, along the broken line A-B of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 shows in anenlarged scale a composition of ve different vertical cross-sections,which correspond to the section lines C-D,

is a horizontal section along the line J-K of Fig. l, that isexclusively through the regenerators. Fig. 4 is a plan comprising threedifferent horizontal partial sections along the broken lineL-M--N--O-P-Q of Fig. 2.

The heating walls located between the oven chambers I (Fig. 2 and Fig.4) comprise a group of vertical heating flues 2 and a second group ofheating flues 3 arranged to alternate with the fiues 2, pairs of theflues 2 and 3 being interconnected at Il, to form a number of units ortwin iiues. Below each heating wall there are located the rich-gasdistributing channels 5 and 6,'both` of which extend over the entirelength of the heating wall, and of which the passage 5 is connected bythe nozzles l' with the heating lues 2 and the passage 5 by the nozzles8 with the heating nues 3. The gas distributing channel 5 is fed withrich gas through the feed main 9 which extends along the entire O-venbattery on its one side, and the gas distrib-uting channel 6 through thesimilar feed main 9a disposed on the other side of the battery.Furthermore, below the heating wall there are provided sole flues I9 andlI, and lila and lla, disposed one over the other in pairs and extendingthe entire length of the heating wall. As shown in Fig. 2, a. pair Voflues ill, Ii and another pair Ia, IIa lie parallel to each other, eachiiue being associated, independently of the other, with the adjacentheating wall. The unbroken or continuous sole flues ID (ita) are eachconnected respectively by vertical channels or shafts l2 (lZa.) withregenerator chambers I3 (i3d) disposed beneath them which in their turnare connected respectively by way ci the regenerator-sole flues III (ma)and the ducts i5 (Mia) to poor gas feed mains I6 (Ilia) running alongthe battery sides. At the same time the regenerator sole lues i4 (Ilia)are respectively connected through reversing valves 28 (28a) with thecollecting iiues 2U (29a) for carrying oi the waste gases, so that theconnections between the sole flues IG, Ilia and the ilues 2Q, rtarespectively can be closed at will. The sole iiues il (I Ia) are eachdivided respectively into two separate sections by the said shafts I2'(la) and therefore are connected respectively by two obliquely upwardlydirected passages I1 (Ila) with the regenerator chambers i8 (IBa) /hichrun parallel to the regenerator chambers i3 (93a). The regenerator soleflues i9 (i911) provide the appropriate connection between theregenerators i8 (Ia) and the outer air by way or the reversing valves 28(28a) or with the chimney by way of the waste gas flues 20 (20a). Theforegoing numerals provided with the letter a denote in each case thestructural members of the oven in which the direction of the draught isin each phase a reverse one.

The regenerators arranged below the sole level are divided by a centraltransverse wall 21 into halves to form the regenerators I3, IB and I3a,ISU.. in the one direction of the draught, the regenerators I3 and I8will carry poor heating gas and air for combustion while theregenerators Ita and lSa will carry the products of combustion. In eachof the twohalves of the oven gas regenerators I3, i3d alternate with airregenerators I3, 58a. Regarding the two opposite oven halves, a gasregenerator I3 will always face an air regenerator lea, and so on. Thearrangement is shown in Fig. 3, and such a section of the entire batteryas shown in this iigure which contains on each half of the oven foursymmetrically disposed regenerator chambers, may be regarded as anoperative unit which serves two adjacent heating walls of the battery inthe manner explained.

According to the example of an embodiment shown in the drawings thecombustion media preheated are distributed into the heating flues atvarious levels. With this object in view the sole iiues IE) and ll areconnected respectively by branch passages 2l and 25 with verticalchannels 23 and 25 arranged in the transverse partitions 22 and 25 ofthe heating walls, each channel being provided with a plurality ofoutlets, arranged at different levels, to the heating iiues 2. Thearrangement is such that in each case the vertical channels 23 of thepartitions 22 are connected with the sole flues Ill and the regeneratorchambers i3, but the vertical channels 27S of the partitions 25 whichare sandwiched between the partitions 22 are connected with the solefiues II and the regenerator chambers I8. Similarly the .l

sole nues I a and Ia are connected respectively by corresponding branchpassages 25a and 24a with a second series of vertical channels 23a, and26a arranged in the same partitions 25 and 22,

each of said channels being provided with a plurality of outlets,arranged at diiereht levels to the heating flues 3. The channels 23a, inthe partitions `2 5 are arranged at the side of the channels 26 A andthe channels Zta in the partitions 22 at the Vside of the channels 23,.The

channels 23a are connected with the sole iiues ma and the regeneratorsi3@ and the channels 25a with the sole flues Ila and the regeneratorchambers ISa.

The mode of operation of the described coke oven, when heating withpreheated poor gas is as follows:

The poor gas passes from the main pipe I6 through the branch pipes I5yand the regenerator sole fiues Ill, into the regenerator chambers I3and is preheated therein. It then passes from each individualregenerator chamber I3 through rthe shaft I2 into the sole ilue I!) andis further conducted through the branch passages 2l and .the channels 23of the partition walls 22 into all the heating iiues 2 of the heatingwall entering the flues` at four different levels in the embodimentshown. The air for combustion is fed through the regenerator sole fluesI9 to the regenerator chambers i8, and after being pre-.1

heated, is conducted from each individual cha-rn- .ber I8 through thetwo passages I'I (see Fig. l)

into the subdivided sole ilue II, whence it is introduced through thebranch pasages 24 and the channels 26 of the partition walls 25 into allthe heating flues 2 entering the latter at four diierent levels asshown. After combustionhas taken place in the ascending heating flues 2,the gases of combustion enter by way of thel passages 4 downwards theheating iiues 3, and therefrom one part of the waste gases passes by wayof the channels 23a of the partition walls 25 `(see Fig. 4), the branchpassages 2Ia, the soleflues Ilia into the regenerator chambers I3a andthence through the regenerator sole flues Illa into the waste gas flue20a of the battery. Another part of the waste gases pases from theheating ues 3 through the ducts 26a in the walls 22 (see also Fig. 4)the. branch passages 24d, the ,a

sole flues IIa into the regenerator chambers Ia and thence by way of theregenerator-sole fluey I ila also into the Waste gas flue Zea'. Thegeneral coupling of the several regenerator chambers'as to the ways ofpoor heating gas, air and waste gases is explained by thefleading arrowsin Fig.

azoaaes l3. Wheny in the alternating phase-,thetdirection ,of ilow isreversed and the combustion media are .conducted in theoppositedirection.

f According to the above description of the mode "of operation the soleues disposed in parallel 'Iside by side and one over the other, are sodisposed and used in each operative phase that, for example,-cfr. Fig.2-of the four sole ilues I0 and l I,.which can be seen lyingfadjacent toone another, the upper pair l conducts preheated `heating gas, and thelower pair preheated air, while the other ilues Ia and lla all conductwaste gas, that is to say all these latter only one land the samemedium. 'I'hus everywherein adlacently situated flues there flow 'onlycombustion substances vhaving the same pressure, so that vundesiredoverflowfdue to leakage between adjacent flues is prevented. Likewisethe Fig. 2 shows that the two pairs of sole flues which are connected toany one heating wall and operated by reversal of draught, yforV examplethe pair I0 and Il leading'gas and air respectively on the one hand andthe pair Illa and I la leading waste gases on the other hand, aresituated remote from each other; on account of this arrangement, thedierent gas pressures prevailing in said two systems of lues make nomatter. Adjacent spaces in which there is diiference in pressure areonly the lower sole flues Il or Ila with regard to the regeneratorchambers below them in case the former conduct air and the latter carrywaste gases. In this case, however, in the' event of leakage of thehorizontal partitions between these iiues and the regenerators, at theutmost only slight quantities of the air of combustion (but not heatinggas) can pass into the waste gas being discharged, and this is not aserious disadvantage or loss.

For the mode of operation, which is also possible with the describedcoke oven', and in which heating is effected by rich heating gas al1 theregenerators are arranged to preheat air with reversal of draught asdescribed, and the rich gas is fed in each case through one of the twodistributing channels 5 or 6, also with reversal of flow.

The coke oven described above may be modiiied in such a manner that ofthe two combustion media, gas and air, only one is distributed in thevertical direction by stages while the other medium is introduceddirectly and solely into the bottom of the heating flue. In this caseeach of the partition walls 22 and 25 would vcontain only one verticalchannel for one combustion medium, while it is intended that the secondcombustion medium should be fed in approximately the same manner, asdescribed below, when vertical channels are omitted or abbreviated.Instead of one vertical channel in each single wall, pairs of verticalchannels could be arranged in alternate partition walls only.

In a still further simpliied form of construction it may be providedthat the preheated heating gas and also the preheated air forcombustion--for producing the ordinary single stage heating, which isvery usual particularly with twin heating nues-are conducted merely tothe bottom of each heating flue. With the embodiment shown in thedrawings this can be done without any alteration of the whole of thepassage system, in that of each vertical duct 23, 2311:, 26, 26a onlythe bottom one of the four superposed outlets (Figs. 1 and 2) areallowed to remain, the part of each' vertical duct above this outletbeing omitted. This means that the sole vilues I0 and Il are connectedydirectly to the bottom 'parts' of the heating lues 2 and the sole 'flues"Illa and lla ldirectly to the bottom parts of Ithe yheating lues 3 bysimple short intermediate vrangedthatA each vertical channel in thepartition Walls has its outlets for the combustion medium directed onlytowards one adjacent heating flue and not towards both. lThe inventionis not, however, limited to the use of twin heatingflues, such as shownin the drawings. Instead the entire heating wall may also be divided insuch a manner that each individual Section consists of a plurality ofheating flues for lupward passage of gases and a plurality of heatlingilues for downward passage of gases, which ycooperate upon reversal ofdraught. The only `case vexcluded is that in which the entire heatingwall is" divided lengthwise in the usual manner into two halves abuttingin the middle of the; wal-l and which operate with reversal of l. Aregenerative coke oven battery arranged to operate with periodicreversal of the direction of flow of the gases through the heatingspaces of the oven battery, comprising a plurality of oven chambers, aheating wall adjacent each said chamber, heating flues within each saidwall, pairs of sole flues with the flues of each pair adjacent to andarranged one above the other, all of said ues of both pairs beingclosely grouped together in such relationship, ducts connecting thesingle iiues of each said pairs respectively with one heating wall andopening into certain heating ilues thereof which are distributed overthe whole length thereof, further pairs of sole iiues widely spaced fromthe first mentioned group of sole iiues with the lues of each pairadjacent to and arranged one above the other and with all of the fluesof said further pairs of sole flues also closely grouped together in theparticular relationship mentioned, ducts connecting the single flues ofsaid last-mentioned pairs respectively with heating flues other than thelast-mentioned heating nues in the same heating wall, a dividing wallextending over the whole battery and positioned transversely to theoven-chambers, regenerator chambers on one side of said dividing wall,means for supplying poor gas and air for combustion respectively toalternate ones of said chambers, means connecting .each of saidalternate chambers respectively to one of the sole flues of thefirst-mentioned pairs, further regenerator chambers on the other side ofsaid dividing wall and oppositely disposed to the rstmentionedregenerator chambers, said further regenerator chambers being similarlyarranged and connected to the further pairs of sole flues, and all saidrst-mentioned regenerators cooperating with the last-mentionedregenerators by periodic reversal of draught.

2. A regenerative coke oven battery as claimed in claim 1 in whichregenerator chambers on one side of the dividing wall which are arrangedto receive poor gas in one phase of operation are oppositely disposed toregeneratorson the other side of the dividing wall which are arranged topair of sole :dues arranged one vertically above 7'5 ythe other andprovided with means for connecting these sole flues with one group ofheating flues distributed along the Whole length of a heating Wall, asecond pair of sole' flues like- Wise arranged one above the other butWidely spaced from the ues of the first mentioned pair and provided withmeans for connecting these latter sole lues with another group ofheating flues distributed along the whole length of the same heatingWall, the sole flues of the first pair being each connected respectivelywith a single regenerator chamber Which latter extends parallel with andbelow the oven and both serve for simultaneous supply of combustionconstituents or simultaneous discharge of combustion products and thesole iiues of the second pair being likewise respectively connected insimilar manner as the iirst pair with other regenerators Which arearranged to cooperate with the lirst-rnentioned regenerators byperiodically reversing the direction of draught.

4. A regenerative coke oven having regenerators arranged below the solelevel of the oven and separated into halves by a wall extendingtransverselyto the oven chambers, a pair of sole iiues disposed adjacentto and yone vertically above the other and each opening to a number l*ofheating iiues spaced over the Whole length of a heating Wall and to apair of regenerators,

and a further pair of sole flues disposed adjacent to and one verticallyabove the other and arranged parallel to but Widely spaced fromtthe uesof the first pair Which each open to the rey v maining heating iiues inthe heating wall and to another pair of regenerators, the arrangementbeing such that one pair of sole flues provides the connection with onegroup of heating iiues and With regeneratorspositioned in one haii of liai the oven `and the other pair of sole iiues provides the connectionwith a further group of heating fiues vand with regenerators positionedin the opposite half of the oven, the regenerators in the one oven halfbeing arranged to cooperate with the regenerators in the other oven halflby periodically reversing the direction of draught.

HERMANN PETSCH.

